Aerobic Exercise Prescription in Cardiac Rehabilitation Based on Heart Rate from Talk Test Stages and 6-Minute Walk Test. / Prescrição de Exercício Aeróbio na Reabilitação Cardíaca Baseada na Frequência Cardíaca dos Estágios do Teste da Fala e do Teste de Caminhada de 6 Minutos.

BACKGROUND: Although the Talk Test (TT) is a reliable and low-cost test, its use for aerobic exercise prescription is still limited. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the heart rate (HR) in the stages of the TT and at the peak of the 6-minute walk test (6MWT) as a parameter to prescribe aerobic exercise compared with HR at the first and second ventilatory thresholds (VT1 and VT2) of cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET). METHODS: Individuals with cardiovascular disease attended three assessment days: 1) anamnesis and CPET; 2) 6MWT; and 3) TT. One-way repeated measures ANOVA or Friedman's test were used to compare HR at VT1 and VT2 with HR at TT stages: last positive (TT+), first equivocal (TT±), and negative (TT-), and at the peak of the 6MWT. Pearson's or Spearman's test assessed correlations between HR at VTs, TT stages, and 6MWT. Statistical significance was set at 5%. RESULTS: The study included 22 cardiac patients (13 men, 61 ± 8 years). HR at VT1 was similar to HR at TT+ (p = 0.987) and TT± (p = 0.154), and moderately correlated with TT+ (r = 0.479, p = 0.024). HR at VT2 was similar to TT- (p = 0.383), with a strong correlation (r = 0.757, p < 0.001). HR at the peak of the 6MWT was significantly different from HR at TT+, TT±, and VT1 (p = 0.001, p = 0.005, and p < 0.001, respectively) but similar to TT- (p = 0.68). CONCLUSIONS: HR at TT+ and TT- reflect HR at VT1 and VT2, respectively, differently from 6MWT, which was similar only to VT2. TT may be an objective test to assist aerobic exercise prescription in cardiac rehabilitation.

FUNDAMENTO: Embora o Teste da Fala (TF) seja um teste confiável e de baixo custo, seu uso para prescrição de exercício aeróbio ainda é limitado. OBJETIVO: Analisar a frequência cardíaca (FC) dos estágios do TF e no pico do teste de caminhada de 6 minutos (TC6min) como parâmetro para a prescrição de exercício aeróbio comparando com a FC no primeiro e segundo limiares ventilatórios (LV1 e LV2) do teste cardiopulmonar de exercício (TCPE). MÉTODOS: Pacientes com doença cardiovascular compareceram a 3 dias de avaliação: 1) anamnese e TCPE; 2) TC6min; e 3) TF. Foram usados ANOVA unidirecional de medidas repetidas ou teste de Friedman para comparar a FC no LV1 e LV2 com a FC nos estágios do TF: último positivo (TF+), primeiro equívoco (TF±) e negativo (TF−) e no pico do TC6min. O teste de Pearson ou Spearman avaliou se há correlação entre FC em LVs, estágios do TF e TC6min. A significância estatística foi fixada em 5%. RESULTADOS: O estudo incluiu 22 pacientes cardíacos (13 homens, 61 ± 8 anos). A FC no LV1 foi semelhante à FC no TF+ (p = 0,987) e TF± (p = 0,154), e moderadamente correlacionada com o TF+ (r = 0,479, p = 0,024). A FC no LV2 foi semelhante ao TF− (p = 0,383), com forte correlação (r = 0,757, p < 0,001). A FC no pico do TC6min foi significativamente diferente da FC no TF+, TF± e LV1 (p = 0,001, p = 0,005 e p < 0,001, respectivamente), mas semelhante ao TF− (p = 0,68). CONCLUSÕES: A FC no TF+ e TF− reflete a FC no LV1 e LV2, respectivamente, diferentemente do TC6min, que foi semelhante apenas ao LV2. O TF pode ser um teste objetivo para auxiliar a prescrição de exercício aeróbio na reabilitação cardíaca.

Feasibility of a Virtual Educational Programme for Behaviour Change in Cardiac Patients from a Low-Resource Setting.

Patient education is an integral part of recovery from a critical cardiac life event and a core component of cardiac rehabilitation (CR) programmes. This study addressed the feasibility of a virtual educational programme for behaviour change in CR patients from a low-resource setting in Brazil. Cardiac patients from a CR programme closed due to the pandemic received a 12-week virtual educational intervention (WhatsApp messages and bi-weekly calls from healthcare providers). Acceptability, demand, implementation, practicality, and limited efficacy were tested. Overall, 34 patients and 8 healthcare providers agreed to participate. The intervention was considered practical and acceptable by the participants, who reported a satisfaction median of 9.0 (7.4-10.0)/10 (patients) and 9.8 (9.6-10.0)/10 (providers). The main difficulties in carrying out the intervention activities were related to technology, motivation to self-learning, and a lack of in-person orientation. All the patients reported that the information included in the intervention was aligned with their information needs. The intervention was associated with changes in exercise self-efficacy, sleep quality, depressive symptoms, and performance of high-intensity physical activity. In conclusion, the intervention was considered feasible to educate cardiac patients from a low-resource setting. It should be replicated and expanded to support patients that face barriers to onsite CR participation. Challenges related to technology and self-learning should be addressed.

Prescrição de Exercício Aeróbio na Reabilitação Cardíaca Baseada na Frequência Cardíaca dos Estágios do Teste da Fala e do Teste de Caminhada de 6 Minutos / Aerobic Exercise Prescription in Cardiac Rehabilitation Based on Heart Rate from Talk Test Stages and 6-Minute Walk Test

Resumo Fundamento Embora o Teste da Fala (TF) seja um teste confiável e de baixo custo, seu uso para prescrição de exercício aeróbio ainda é limitado. Objetivo Analisar a frequência cardíaca (FC) dos estágios do TF e no pico do teste de caminhada de 6 minutos (TC6min) como parâmetro para a prescrição de exercício aeróbio comparando com a FC no primeiro e segundo limiares ventilatórios (LV1 e LV2) do teste cardiopulmonar de exercício (TCPE). Métodos Pacientes com doença cardiovascular compareceram a 3 dias de avaliação: 1) anamnese e TCPE; 2) TC6min; e 3) TF. Foram usados ANOVA unidirecional de medidas repetidas ou teste de Friedman para comparar a FC no LV1 e LV2 com a FC nos estágios do TF: último positivo (TF+), primeiro equívoco (TF±) e negativo (TF−) e no pico do TC6min. O teste de Pearson ou Spearman avaliou se há correlação entre FC em LVs, estágios do TF e TC6min. A significância estatística foi fixada em 5%. Resultados O estudo incluiu 22 pacientes cardíacos (13 homens, 61 ± 8 anos). A FC no LV1 foi semelhante à FC no TF+ (p = 0,987) e TF± (p = 0,154), e moderadamente correlacionada com o TF+ (r = 0,479, p = 0,024). A FC no LV2 foi semelhante ao TF− (p = 0,383), com forte correlação (r = 0,757, p < 0,001). A FC no pico do TC6min foi significativamente diferente da FC no TF+, TF± e LV1 (p = 0,001, p = 0,005 e p < 0,001, respectivamente), mas semelhante ao TF− (p = 0,68). Conclusões A FC no TF+ e TF− reflete a FC no LV1 e LV2, respectivamente, diferentemente do TC6min, que foi semelhante apenas ao LV2. O TF pode ser um teste objetivo para auxiliar a prescrição de exercício aeróbio na reabilitação cardíaca.

Abstract Background Although the Talk Test (TT) is a reliable and low-cost test, its use for aerobic exercise prescription is still limited. Objective To analyze the heart rate (HR) in the stages of the TT and at the peak of the 6-minute walk test (6MWT) as a parameter to prescribe aerobic exercise compared with HR at the first and second ventilatory thresholds (VT1 and VT2) of cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET). Methods Individuals with cardiovascular disease attended three assessment days: 1) anamnesis and CPET; 2) 6MWT; and 3) TT. One-way repeated measures ANOVA or Friedman's test were used to compare HR at VT1 and VT2 with HR at TT stages: last positive (TT+), first equivocal (TT±), and negative (TT−), and at the peak of the 6MWT. Pearson's or Spearman's test assessed correlations between HR at VTs, TT stages, and 6MWT. Statistical significance was set at 5%. Results The study included 22 cardiac patients (13 men, 61 ± 8 years). HR at VT1 was similar to HR at TT+ (p = 0.987) and TT± (p = 0.154), and moderately correlated with TT+ (r = 0.479, p = 0.024). HR at VT2 was similar to TT− (p = 0.383), with a strong correlation (r = 0.757, p < 0.001). HR at the peak of the 6MWT was significantly different from HR at TT+, TT±, and VT1 (p = 0.001, p = 0.005, and p < 0.001, respectively) but similar to TT− (p = 0.68). Conclusions HR at TT+ and TT− reflect HR at VT1 and VT2, respectively, differently from 6MWT, which was similar only to VT2. TT may be an objective test to assist aerobic exercise prescription in cardiac rehabilitation.

Physical activity of children with cancer during the COVID-19 pandemic: what were the most relevant studies published from August 2019 to July 2021? / Actividad física em niños con cáncer durante la covid-19: ¿cuáles fueron las publicaciones más relevantes entre agosto de 2019 y julio de 2021? / Atividade física de crianças com câncer durante a covid-19: o que foi publicado de mais relevante entre agosto de 2019 e julho de 2021?

ABSTRACT This study aims to investigate up-to-date scientific information about physical activity, COVID-19, and childhood cancer. This study is an integrative review. Research was conducted in the Science Direct database, using keywords in three different combinations. In total, 50 publications classified as the most relevant of each keyword combination were selected, 26 eligible publications were reached from August 2019 to July 2021, of which nine were duplicates. When exclusion criteria were applied, 11 complete studies were selected. The level of physical activity (PA) of children diagnosed with cancer or those who survived cancer is low. Changes due to the COVID-19 pandemic include the decrease in the level of PA and the increase in the use of technological devices. The minimum PA recommendations for this population vary but some evidence supports its importance and benefits in minimizing the adverse effects arising from cancer and from the performed medical treatment. Exercise-based interventions should be chosen and carried out considering the type of cancer and the stage of treatment the child is in due to the evidence of its effectiveness.

RESUMEN Este estudio tiene como objetivo investigar, en la base de datos ScienceDirect, la información científica actualizada sobre actividad física, COVID-19 y cáncer infantil, mediante una revisión integradora, en la cual se utilizaron las palabras clave en tres combinaciones diferentes. Se seleccionaron cincuenta publicaciones clasificadas como las más relevantes de cada combinación, y se alcanzaron 26 publicaciones elegibles en el periodo entre agosto de 2019 y julio de 2021, de las cuales nueve fueron textos duplicados. Al aplicar los criterios de exclusión, se seleccionaron 11 artículos completos. El nivel de actividad física (AF) de los niños diagnosticados de cáncer o supervivientes de cáncer es bajo, y entre los cambios provocados por la pandemia de la COVID-19 se encuentran la disminución del nivel de AF y el aumento en el uso de dispositivos tecnológicos. Las recomendaciones mínimas de AF para esta población varían entre sí, sin embargo, existe evidencia que respalda su importancia y los beneficios en la minimización de los efectos adversos derivados del propio cáncer y del tratamiento médico realizado. Las intervenciones basadas en ejercicios, para la cual ya existe evidencia de efectividad, deben elegirse y llevarse a cabo teniendo en cuenta el tipo de cáncer y la etapa de tratamiento en la que se encuentra el niño.

RESUMO O objetivo deste trabalho é investigar, na base de dados Science Direct, informações científicas sobre atividade física, covid-19 e câncer infantojuvenil, através de uma revisão integrativa, utilizando três combinações de palavras-chave. Cinquenta publicações mais relevantes de cada combinação de palavras-chave foram selecionadas, e chegou-se a 26 artigos elegíveis no período compreendido entre agosto de 2019 e julho de 2021, dos quais nove eram textos duplicados. Aplicando-se os critérios de exclusão, foram selecionados 11 estudos completos. Constatou-se que o nível de atividade física (AF) de crianças com câncer ou sobreviventes do câncer é baixo e que entre as mudanças causadas pela pandemia de covid-19 estão a diminuição do nível de AF e o aumento do uso de dispositivos tecnológicos. As recomendações mínimas de AF para essa população variam, entretanto há evidências que sustentam sua importância e seus benefícios ao minimizar os efeitos adversos oriundos do próprio câncer e do tratamento médico realizado. As intervenções baseadas em exercícios, para as quais já há evidência de eficácia, devem ser escolhidas e realizadas a partir do tipo de câncer e na fase do tratamento em que a criança está.

Level of physical activity and sedentary behavior in children and adolescents diagnosed with cancer: A systematic review.

Objective: The objective of the study was to examine already published evidence on the level of physical activity and sedentary behavior in children during and after treatment for cancer. And, thusly to verify if patients are following the recommendations of the World Health Organization, United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and American College of Sports Medicine. Methods: The platforms for searches were EBSCO, Web of Science and PubMed. The keywords used were physical activity, sedentary behavior, children or adolescents with cancer. Results: Found 4572 articles. 16 satisfied the eligibility criteria. The most children of whom had a low level of physical activity and a high level of sedentary behavior. Conclusions: We conclude that this population showed an increase in sedentary behavior. And, it was also observed that does not have specific recommendations for this population. Already, the recommendations used for the healthy children and for chronic patients are not ideal for this population. Therefore, it is demonstrated that specific recommendations must be created for this population.

The performance of physiotherapeutic conducts in oncology patients interned in a pediatric intensive care unit: A systematic review.

Objective: The intervention of physical therapy in pediatric oncology is currently transmuting from a view based on the restriction of physical stress to an approach that advocates the practice of cardiorespiratory and motor interventions that provide a better prognosis for the patient. The objective of this study is to carry out a systematic review and to identify studies that address the performance of physical therapeutic practices in pediatric cancer patients admitted to an intensive care unit (ICU). Methods: The stage of identification and selection of articles were carried out according to what was recommended by Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-analyzes, on PubMed, Medline, and Scopus platforms, based on the PICO acronym, and were classified by the PeDRO quality scale. Results: A total of 19,820 articles were found and six were acceptable according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria of the study, accounting for a total of 634 patients evaluated in the respective study. Conclusion: There is a scarcity of studies that show the reality of physical therapy practice in pediatric and neonatal ICU, with a focus on cancer patients. Most of the articles found emphasize the physiotherapeutic approach in the management of ventilation in these patients. Within this context, they show positive outcomes with the highest number of discharges, reduced mortality, increased survival, and treatment of respiratory failure. In addition, the application of non-invasive ventilation modalities proved to be more prevalent and important, both in the variables mentioned above and in the prevention of complications, such as a lower rate of patients undergoing orotracheal intubation.

Percepções dos Participantes de Reabilitação Cardíaca sobre seus Comportamentos em Saúde e Necessidades de Informação durante a Pandemia COVID-19 no Brasil / Perceptions of Cardiac Rehabilitation Participants Regarding their Health Behaviors and Information Needs during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Brazil

Resumo Fundamento A COVID-19 afetou como as pessoas recebem atendimento de saúde para várias doenças, inclusive doenças cardiovasculares. Objetivos Examinar as percepções dos participantes de reabilitação cardíaca (RC) sobre seus comportamentos em saúde e necessidades de informação durante a pandemia da COVID-19 no Brasil. Métodos Neste estudo transversal, um questionário de 27 itens elaborado pelos investigadores foi administrado online a participantes de dois programas de RC. As perguntas incluíam letramento em saúde (LS; usando a Brief Health Literacy Screening Tool - Breve ferramenta de triagem de letramento em saúde), uso de tecnologia, percepções antes e durante a pandemia da COVID-19, e necessidades de informações. Foram usados coeficiente de correlação de Pearson, testes t pareados e ANOVA, conforme apropriado. Um p <0,05 foi considerado estatisticamente significativo para todos os testes. Resultados No total, 159 (25,5%) participantes de RC responderam ao questionário. Desses, 89,9% tinham LS limitado ou marginal, e 96,2% relataram ter acesso à internet de casa. Os pacientes se preocupam principalmente com a saúde de sua família e própria, além de como o coronavírus é perigoso para sua saúde e como mudou seu estilo de vida. Os participantes perceberam que a qualidade de seus comportamentos em saúde diminuiu significativamente durante a pandemia. A pandemia também mudou as necessidades de informações dos participantes de RC, já que novas necessidades surgiram, tais como, controle de níveis de ansiedade, manter a motivação para levar uma vida saudável durante a pandemia, e como a COVID-19 pode afetar sua condição de saúde. Participantes com LS adequado perceberam significativamente a gravidade da doença e tinham significativamente mais acesso a informações do que os pacientes com LS limitado. Conclusões Nossos resultados destacaram o impacto da pandemia nas percepções dos participantes de RC em relação a seus comportamentos em saúde e necessidades de informação, que podem ser influenciados pelos níveis de LS.

Abstract Background COVID-19 has impacted how people receive health care for many conditions, including cardiovascular diseases. Objectives To examine perceptions of cardiac rehabilitation (CR) participants regarding their health behaviors and information needs during the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil. Methods In this cross-sectional study, a 27-item questionnaire, developed by the investigators, was administered online to participants from two CR programs. Questions included health literacy (HL; using the Brief Health Literacy Screening Tool), technology use, perceptions before and during the COVID-19 pandemic, and information needs. Pearson correlation coefficients, paired t-tests, and ANOVA were used as appropriate. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant for all tests. Results Overall, 159 (25.5%) CR participants answered the questionnaire. Of these, 89.9% had limited or marginal HL and 96.2% reported having internet access at home. Patients are mainly concerned about their family's health and their own, as well as how the coronavirus is dangerous to their health and how it has changed their lifestyle. Participants perceived that the quality of their health behaviors significantly decreased during the pandemic. The pandemic also changed information needs of CR participants as new needs emerged, such as the control of anxiety levels, staying motivated to live healthily during a pandemic, and how COVID-19 can impact their health condition. Participants with adequate HL significantly perceived the severity of the disease and having access to information significantly more than those with limited HL. Conclusions Our results highlighted the impact of the pandemic on CR participants' perceptions regarding their health behaviors and information needs, which can be influenced by HL levels.

Perceptions of Cardiac Rehabilitation Participants Regarding their Health Behaviors and Information Needs during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Brazil. / Percepções dos Participantes de Reabilitação Cardíaca sobre seus Comportamentos em Saúde e Necessidades de Informação durante a Pandemia COVID-19 no Brasil.

BACKGROUND: COVID-19 has impacted how people receive health care for many conditions, including cardiovascular diseases. OBJECTIVES: To examine perceptions of cardiac rehabilitation (CR) participants regarding their health behaviors and information needs during the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil. METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, a 27-item questionnaire, developed by the investigators, was administered online to participants from two CR programs. Questions included health literacy (HL; using the Brief Health Literacy Screening Tool), technology use, perceptions before and during the COVID-19 pandemic, and information needs. Pearson correlation coefficients, paired t-tests, and ANOVA were used as appropriate. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant for all tests. RESULTS: Overall, 159 (25.5%) CR participants answered the questionnaire. Of these, 89.9% had limited or marginal HL and 96.2% reported having internet access at home. Patients are mainly concerned about their family's health and their own, as well as how the coronavirus is dangerous to their health and how it has changed their lifestyle. Participants perceived that the quality of their health behaviors significantly decreased during the pandemic. The pandemic also changed information needs of CR participants as new needs emerged, such as the control of anxiety levels, staying motivated to live healthily during a pandemic, and how COVID-19 can impact their health condition. Participants with adequate HL significantly perceived the severity of the disease and having access to information significantly more than those with limited HL. CONCLUSIONS: Our results highlighted the impact of the pandemic on CR participants' perceptions regarding their health behaviors and information needs, which can be influenced by HL levels.

FUNDAMENTO: A COVID-19 afetou como as pessoas recebem atendimento de saúde para várias doenças, inclusive doenças cardiovasculares. OBJETIVOS: Examinar as percepções dos participantes de reabilitação cardíaca (RC) sobre seus comportamentos em saúde e necessidades de informação durante a pandemia da COVID-19 no Brasil. MÉTODOS: Neste estudo transversal, um questionário de 27 itens elaborado pelos investigadores foi administrado online a participantes de dois programas de RC. As perguntas incluíam letramento em saúde (LS; usando a Brief Health Literacy Screening Tool - Breve ferramenta de triagem de letramento em saúde), uso de tecnologia, percepções antes e durante a pandemia da COVID-19, e necessidades de informações. Foram usados coeficiente de correlação de Pearson, testes t pareados e ANOVA, conforme apropriado. Um p <0,05 foi considerado estatisticamente significativo para todos os testes. RESULTADOS: No total, 159 (25,5%) participantes de RC responderam ao questionário. Desses, 89,9% tinham LS limitado ou marginal, e 96,2% relataram ter acesso à internet de casa. Os pacientes se preocupam principalmente com a saúde de sua família e própria, além de como o coronavírus é perigoso para sua saúde e como mudou seu estilo de vida. Os participantes perceberam que a qualidade de seus comportamentos em saúde diminuiu significativamente durante a pandemia. A pandemia também mudou as necessidades de informações dos participantes de RC, já que novas necessidades surgiram, tais como, controle de níveis de ansiedade, manter a motivação para levar uma vida saudável durante a pandemia, e como a COVID-19 pode afetar sua condição de saúde. Participantes com LS adequado perceberam significativamente a gravidade da doença e tinham significativamente mais acesso a informações do que os pacientes com LS limitado. CONCLUSÕES: Nossos resultados destacaram o impacto da pandemia nas percepções dos participantes de RC em relação a seus comportamentos em saúde e necessidades de informação, que podem ser influenciados pelos níveis de LS.

A prática da atividade física em mulheres com câncer de mama: associação entre fatores motivacionais e características dermatoglíficas / La práctica de actividad física en mujeres con cáncer de mama: asociación entre factores motivacionales y características dermatoglíficas / The practice of physical activity in women with breast cancer: association between motivational factors and dermatoglyphic characteristics

O objetivo foi investigar a associação dos construtos da teoria da autodeterminação e características dermatoglíficas no comportamento para a prática de atividade física em mulheres com câncer de mama. Participaram 104 mulheres que responderam às escalas de prática de atividade física, percepção de competência, autonomia para a prática de atividade física, satisfação com a vida e características dermatoglíficas. No grupo de mulheres que praticava atividade física antes do diagnóstico e continuou a prática durante o tratamento, a percepção de competência, regulação autônoma, satisfação com a vida e nível de atividade física foram maiores. As variáveis dermatoglíficas mostraram que, no polegar e indicador da mão direita, a distribuição dos verticilos em S foi maior nas mulheres com regulação controlada para a prática de atividade física. A percepção de competência e a regulação autônoma são importantes para a manutenção da prática de atividade física durante o tratamento do câncer de mama. (AU)

El objetivo fue investigar la asociación de los constructos de la teoría de autodeterminación y las características dermatoglíficas en el comportamiento para la práctica de actividad física en mujeres con cáncer de mama. Participaran 104 mujeres que contestaron las escalas de práctica de actividad física, percepción de competencia, autonomía para la práctica de actividad física, satisfacción con la vida y dermatoglifia. En el grupo que practicaba actividad física antes del diagnóstico y continuaron durante el tratamiento, la percepción de competencia, regulación autónoma, satisfacción con la vida y nivel de actividad física eran mayores. En la dermatoglifia, en el pulgar y índice de la mano derecha, la distribución de verticilos en S fue mayor en las mujeres con regulación controlada para la práctica de actividad física. La percepción de competencia y la regulación autónoma son importantes para mantener la práctica de actividad física durante el tratamiento del cáncer de mama. (AU)

The aim was to investigate the association of constructs from the theory of self-determination and dermatoglyphic characteristics on the behaviour to the practice of physical activity in women with breast cancer. 104 women answered questions about the practice of physical activity, perception of competence, autonomy to the practice of physical activity, satisfaction with life, and dermatoglyphics. In the group that practiced physical activity before diagnosis and continued during treatment, the perception of competence, autonomous regulation, life satisfaction and level of physical activity were higher. To dermatoglyphics, the thumb and index finger of the right hand, the distribution of whorls in S pattern was higher in women with controlled regulation for physical activity, more studies are necessary to verify how these variables behave in the scope of breast cancer. The perception of competence and the autonomous regulation are important for the maintenance of the practice of physical activity during the treatment. (AU)

Covid-19 e os Impactos na Saúde Mental dos Profissionais de Saúde que Atuam na Área da Oncologia: Revisão Sistemática da Literatura / COVID-19 and the Mental Health Impacts on Oncology Healthcare Professionals: Literature Systematic Review / Covid-19 y los Impactos en la Salud Mental de los Profesionales de la Salud que Trabajan en el Campo de la Oncología: Revisión Sistemática de la Literatura

Introdução: O ambiente oncológico, por si só, já é um local que frequentemente expõe os profissionais que ali trabalham a enfrentar vivências e experiências de sofrimento no dia a dia pelas características da própria patologia. Objetivo: Verificar e analisar as evidências do impacto da doença pelo coronavírus 2019 (covid-19) sobre a saúde mental de profissionais de saúde que atuam na área da oncologia. Método: Pesquisa realizada nas bases Web of Science, PubMed, MEDLINE via Ovid, CINAHL via EBSCO e Embase, e avaliação segundo a metodologia STROBE. Resultados: Foram incluídos nove artigos, evidenciando a fragilidade do sistema de saúde do mundo inteiro diante de uma pandemia e afetando a saúde tanto dos pacientes quanto dos profissionais de saúde, em especial os que estavam na chamada "linha de frente". Esses fatores provocaram altas cargas de tensão, medo, insegurança e insatisfação profissional. Conclusão: Estratégias de prevenção de doenças emocionais relacionadas ao trabalho específico dos profissionais de saúde que atuem na área da oncologia devem ser implementadas para preservar a saúde mental dos profissionais

Introduction: The oncological environment, by itself, is a place that often exposes professionals who work there to cope with experiences and suffering in their daily work due to the characteristics of the pathology. Objective: To verify and analyze the evidence of the impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on the mental health of oncology professionals. Method: Search at the databases Web of Science, PubMed, MEDLINE via Ovid, CINAHL via EBSCO and Embase, and evaluation according to the methodology STROBE. Results: A total of 9 articles were included, which highlighted the fragility of the health system worldwide in face of the pandemic, affecting the health of both patients and professionals, especially those who were in the "front line". These factors provoked high burden of tension, fear, insecurity and professional dissatisfaction. Conclusion: Strategies for the prevention of emotional illnesses related to the specific work of oncology health professionals must be implemented to ensure their mental health

Introducción: El entorno oncológico, por sí mismo, ya es un lugar que muchas veces expone a los profesionales que allí actúan a enfrentarse a vivencias y sufrimientos en su quehacer diario debido a las características de la propia patología. Objetivo: Verificar y analizar la evidencia sobre el impacto de la enfermedad por coronavirus 2019 (covid-19) en la salud mental de los profesionales de la salud que trabajan en el sector oncológico. Método: Búsqueda en las bases de datos Web of Science, PubMed, MEDLINE vía Ovid, CINAHL vía EBSCO y Embase, evaluada metodológicamente por STROBE. Resultados: Se incluyeron un total de nueve artículos que ponían de manifiesto la fragilidad del sistema sanitario en todo el mundo ante una pandemia y que afectaba a la salud tanto de los pacientes como de los profesionales que trabajaban en los sectores sanitarios, especialmente los que estaban en la llamada "primera línea". Estos factores provocaron altas cargas de tensión, miedo, inseguridad e insatisfacción profesional. Conclusión: Estrategias para la prevención de enfermedades emocionales relacionadas con el trabajo específico de los profesionales de la salud que actúan en la área de la oncología deben desarrollarse en entornos de salud, con el fin de garantizar la salud mental de los profesionales

Does Hypertension Knowledge Influence Levels of Physical Activity in Hypertensive Patients From a Southern Brazilian Community?

Abstract Background: Increased level of physical activity (PA) and health education are known as non-pharmacological treatments of hypertension (HP). There is a lack of studies investigating the influence of HP knowledge on the level of PA among hypertensive patients. Objective: To examine the influence of patient's knowledge about HP on PA level and the relationship between these variables. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in in a primary care center located in a city in the southern Brazil. A total of 199 hypertensive patients (median 61.2 [13] years; body mass index (BMI) 21.9 (7.5) kg/m2; 72.4% women) were included. The level of PA was assessed by measuring the number of steps taken daily. The knowledge about HP was assessed by a standardized questionnaire (HIPER-Q). The Kruskall-Wallis test was used to compare age, BMI and PA level between HP knowledge categories, and the Spearman test was used to assess correlations (p <0.05). Results: The median score of knowledge about HP for patients categorized as insufficient (n=6, 3%), poor (n=24; 12.1%), acceptable (n=101; 50.8%) and good (n=68; 34.2%) was 11.0 (8.0), 20.0 (4.0), 26.0 (5.0) and 38.0 (2.0), respectively. No patient has achieved an "excellent" level of knowledge. There was no significant difference in PA level (p = 0.341), BMI (p = 0.510) or age (p = 0.073) between these categories. Age was negatively correlated with knowledge about HP (p <0.05 and rho = 0.02). Conclusions: Patient's knowledge about HP did not influence the level of PA in hypertensive patients. Age, number of steps per day and BMI were not significantly different between the categories of knowledge. Public policies and organizational strategy should be addressed to improve health education and avoid sedentary behavior in this population. (Int J Cardiovasc Sci. 2020; [online].ahead print, PP.0-0)

Utilização de exergames e seus efeitos sobre a saúde física de pacientes com diagnóstico de câncer: uma revisão integrativa / Aplicabilidad de las ecuaciones de referencia brasileñas para la prueba de caminata de 6 minutos en pacientes con cáncer de pulmón / Use of exergaming and its effects on the physical health of patients diagnosed with cancer: an integrative review

RESUMO Este estudo teve como objetivo a busca de registros com diferenças significativas a respeito da saúde física de pacientes com câncer ao praticarem exergames. Utilizou-se como método a Revisão Integrativa de Literatura com as palavras chaves "Fisioterapia", "Realidade Virtual", "Wii", "Exergames" e "Câncer", em português e inglês, nas bases de dados PubMed, Science Direct, Medline, Scopus, Lilacs, SciELO, PEDro, Cochrane e Periódicos Capes. Os critérios de inclusão foram: estudos que utilizassem exergames em tratamentos clínicos e que apresentassem diferenças sobre a saúde física de pacientes com diagnóstico de câncer, de ambos os sexos, de todas as idades e tipos de câncer, publicados nos últimos 10 anos, em qualquer idioma. Dos 3172 artigos encontrados, apenas nove foram incluídos, sendo que esses avaliaram: desempenho físico, sedentarismo, funcionalidade de membros superiores, força muscular de membros inferiores e fadiga. Concluiu-se que os exergames demostraram ser ferramenta promissora para a saúde física de pacientes com diagnóstico de câncer.

RESUMEN El objetivo de este estudio fue verificar el impacto de diferentes ecuaciones de referencia brasileñas para la distancia recorrida en la prueba de caminata de 6 minutos (PC6min) en la evaluación de la capacidad de ejercicio funcional en pacientes con cáncer de pulmón (CP). Este estudio transversal incluyó a 48 pacientes con CP (promedio de edad de 60±12 años). Se evaluó las características sociodemográficas, clínicas y la capacidad funcional de los participantes para ejercitarse en la PC6min según los criterios internacionales. Se analizaron cinco ecuaciones. La distancia recorrida por los pacientes (503±102 metros) estuvo relativamente cerca de las distancias predichas por las ecuaciones de referencia (82-94% del predicho), aunque son estadísticamente menores (p<0,05 para todas).

ABSTRACT This study aimed to search for records with significant differences regarding the physical health of cancer patients when practicing exergaming. The integrative literature review was used as method with the keywords "Physiotherapy," "Virtual Reality," "Wii," "Exergames" and "Cancer," in Portuguese and English, in the following databases: PubMed, Science Direct, Medline, Scopus, Lilacs, SciELO, PEDro, Cochrane and Capes Journals. The inclusion criteria were studies that used exergaming in clinical treatments and presented differences on the physical health of patients diagnosed with cancer, of both sexes, of all ages and types of cancer, published in the last 10 years, in any language. Of the 3,172 articles found, only nine were included; they evaluated physical performance, sedentary lifestyle, upper limbs functionality, lower limbs muscle strength and fatigue. The review concluded that exergaming is a promising tool for the physical health of patients diagnosed with cancer.

Preferred exercise and mental health of the patients with fibromyalgia syndrome.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Preferred exercise may be beneficial for the mental health of patients with fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS).This study aimed to investigate the effects of preferred exercise on the quality of life (Qol), depression, and mood states of the patients with FMS. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study was a nonrandomized controlled trial. The patients with FMS were divided into an experimental group (EG; n = 22) and a control group (CG; n = 14). The patients in the EG performed their preferred exercise (resistance, walking, or stretching) for 12 weeks. CG went to a waiting list. Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire, Beck Depression Inventory, and Brunel Mood Scale were used to evaluate the outcomes. RESULTS: The EG exhibited a decrease in the total impact of FMS on the Qol, depression, tension, and mental confusion (p < 0.01). CONCLUSION: Preferred exercises reduced the impact of FMS on the Qol, depression, and mental confusion of patients with FMS.

Questionnaires for knee instability assessment in people with anterior cruciate ligament injury: a systematic review of original questionnaires and their translated versions.

Purpose: To verify the quality of questionnaires/scales regarding knee instability caused by anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) insufficiency and their translated versions.Materials and methods: Searches were conducted on Web of Science, Pubmed, Medline, Cinahl, and SportDiscuss. The COnsensus-based Standards for the selection of Health Measurement INstruments (COSMIN) scale was used to assess the article's quality; and the measurement properties of each questionnaire/scale were also analysed.Results: Searches identified 7703 studies and 29 were included in this review. Nine were articles reporting the original development of a questionnaire/scale and 20 were translations. The original questionnaires/scales were written in English or French and were translated into Brazilian Portuguese, Portuguese, Dutch, Turkish, German, Korean, Italian, Arabic, Polish, French, and Chinese. The questionnaires/scales with best overall quality were the Cincinatti Knee Rating System, the International Knee Documentation Committee - Subjective Knee Form and the PPLP. The International Knee Documentation Committee had positive results for internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha 0.89-0.92); for reliability and agreement (intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) ranging from 0.88 to 0.99); and for construct validity (Pearson's r ranged from 0.1 to 0.85).Conclusions: The International Knee Documentation Committee had the largest number of translated versions and it was considered the best instrument assessed. Furthermore, The International Knee Documentation Committee was considered to be easy to apply, short and accessible, thus it is the choice of several clinicians and researchers.Implications for rehabilitationKnee instability is one of the most important factors to be evaluated during rehabilitation of people with anterior cruciate ligament injury in both surgical and non-surgical approach.The use of questionnaires may provide a better overall functionality assessment of people with knee instability from ACL injury.To choose the most appropriate questionnaire, clinicians should consider their needs and should consider validated questionnaires linked with adequate psychometric properties which guarantee the original characteristics of a questionnaire and also guarantee reliable results.

Cross-cultural adaptation and measurement properties of the Brazilian-Portuguese version of the Cincinnati Knee Rating System.

Purpose: To translate, culturally adapt, evaluate the measurement properties, and propose a new scoring system of the Cincinnati Knee Rating System for the Brazilian population.Materials and Methods: One hundred fifty people with anterior cruciate ligament injury completed Cincinnati Knee Rating System and Lysholm Knee Scoring Scale on three occasions: 1-week prior to surgery, 90-days after and 95-days after reconstruction. The measurement properties of the Brazilian-Portuguese Cincinnati Knee Rating System, internal consistency, construct validity, reproducibility, ceiling and floor effect and responsiveness, were tested.Results: Using the original scoring system (multiple scores), the internal consistency (Cronbach's α) varied between 0.54-0.79 (if item deleted = 0.07-0.73); the construct validity (Pearson's r) varied between 0.19-0.82 (related to Lysholm); the reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient) varied between 0.96-0.99; the standard error of measurement varied between 0.2-1.3 points; the minimum detectable change varied between 0.4-3.5 points; no ceiling or floor effect was detected, and responsiveness (effect size) varied between -0.3-2.7. Using the new proposed scoring system (single score), Cronbach's α was 0.78 (if item deleted = 0.65-0.71); the Pearson's r was 0.79 (related to Lysholm); the intraclass correlation coefficient was 0.99; the standard error of measurement was 0.5 points, the minimum detectable change was 1.3 points; no ceiling or floor effect was detected, and effect size was 1.4.Conclusions: The Brazilian-Portuguese Cincinnati Knee Rating System has adequate property measurement and can be used in a Brazilian population. The new proposed scoring system is appropriate.Implications for rehabilitationThe Brazilian-Portuguese Cincinnati Knee Rating System is a valid and reliable instrument which can identify consistent clinical changes over the time.The Brazilian-Portuguese Cincinnati Knee Rating System can be used to evaluate and to follow-up a Brazilian population with anterior cruciate ligament injuries and postoperative reconstruction.The new proposed score for Cincinnati Knee Rating System is appropriate and did not compromise the quality of the measurement properties.The new scoring system generates a unique score, creating a potentially simpler and faster clinical understanding of the patient's condition.

Perfil Epidemiológico dos Pacientes com câncer de Cabeça e Pescoço em um Centro Oncológico no Sul do Brasil / Epidemiological Profile of Patients with Head and Neck Cancer at a Cancer Center in Southern Brazil / Perfil Epidemiológico de Pacientes con Cáncer de Cabeza y Cuello en un Centro de Oncología en el Sur de Brasil

Introdução: O câncer de cabeça e pescoço aumentou significativamente na última década. Objetivo: Determinar o perfil epidemiológico dos pacientes com câncer de cabeça e pescoço atendidos em um Centro Oncológico de referência no Sul do Brasil no período de janeiro de 2013 a dezembro de 2018. Método: Estudo de caráter descritivo e retrospectivo realizado no Centro de Pesquisas Oncológicas (Cepon). Resultados: Foram obtidos dados preliminares de 133 pacientes. O gênero masculino foi o mais prevalente (65,4%), com média de idade acima dos 50 anos, baixa escolaridade (40%), baixa renda (77,3%), sendo sua grande maioria tabagistas (72%) e etilistas (58,1%). A região de cavidade oral (26,3%) foi o sítio mais prevalente, a cirurgia mais realizada foi a tireoidectomia total (19,4%) e o estadiamento mais observado foi T2 (30,8%) N2 (41,1%). Foram encontradas complicações pós-radioterapia como a radiodermite (82,7%) e, pós-quimioterapia, náuseas (81%). As fibroses cicatriciais foram mais frequentes após a cirurgia (18,2%), sendo avaliadas no pós-operatório tardio. Conclusão: Caracterizar o perfil dos pacientes com câncer de cabeça e pescoço permite conhecer os diversos acometimentos advindos do tratamento e possibilita, dessa maneira, maior qualidade e direcionamento das ações de reabilitação.

Introduction: Head and neck cancer has increased significantly in the last decade. Objective: To determine the epidemiological profile in patients with head and neck cancer treated at an oncological referral center in Brazil Southern region from january 2013 to december 2018. Method: Descriptive and retrospective study carried out at CEPON (Oncology Research Center). Results: Preliminary data were obtained from 133 patients. Male gender was the most prevalent (65.4%), with mean age above 50 years, low education (40%), low income (77.3%), many of them were smokers (72%) and alcoholics (58.1%). The oral cavity region (26.3%) was the most prevalent site, the most performed surgery was total thyroidectomy (19.4%) and the most observed staging was T2 (30.8%) and N2 (41.1%). Post-radiotherapy and post-chemotherapy complications as radiodermatitis (82.7%) and nausea (81%), respectively, were found. Scarring fibrosis was more frequent after surgery (18.2%) and were evaluated in the late postoperative period. Conclusion: Characterizing the profile of patients with head and neck cancer allows to know the several affections resulting from the treatment to ensure better quality and focus of rehabilitation actions.

Introducción: El cáncer de cabeza y cuello ha aumentado significativamente en la última década. Objetivo: Determinar el perfil epidemiológico en pacientes con cáncer de cabeza y cuello tratados en un centro de referencia en el sur de Brasil desde enero de 2013 hasta diciembre de 2018. Método: Estudio descriptivo y retrospectivo realizado en el Centro de Investigación Oncológica (Cepon). Resultados: Se obtuvieron datos preliminares de 133 pacientes. El sexo masculino fue el más prevalente (65.4%), con una edad promedio de más de 50 años, baja escolaridad (40%), bajos ingresos (77.3%), la mayoría de ellos fumadores (72%) y alcohólicos. (58.1%). La región de la cavidad oral (26.3%) fue el sitio más prevalente, la cirugía más realizada fue la tiroidectomía total (19.4%) y la estadificación más observada fue T2 (30.8%) y N2 (41.1%). Se encontraron complicaciones posteriores a la radioterapia, como radiodermatitis (82,7%) y después de la quimioterapia, náuseas (81%). La fibrosis cicatricial fue más frecuente después de la cirugía (18,2%) y se evaluó en el postoperatorio tardío. Conclusión: La caracterización del perfil de los pacientes con cáncer de cabeza y cuello nos permite conocer las diversas afecciones que surgen del tratamiento y, por lo tanto, permitir una mayor calidad y dirección de las acciones de rehabilitación.

Translation and cultural adaptation of the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire-Lung Cancer Module for quality of life assessment in patients with lung cancer in Brazil.

OBJECTIVE: To translate the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) 29-item Quality of Life Questionnaire-Lung Cancer Module (QLQ-LC29, developed for the assessment of quality of life in patients with lung cancer) to Portuguese, conducting a pilot study of the Portuguese-language version and adapting it for use in Brazil. METHODS: For the translation, cultural adaptation, and pilot testing of the QLQ-LC29, we followed the guidelines established by the EORTC. The translation (English → Portuguese) and back-translation (Portuguese → English) were both carried out by translators, working independently, who were native speakers of one language and fluent in the other. After review, a draft version was created for pilot testing in lung cancer patients in Brazil. RESULTS: A total of 15 patients diagnosed with lung cancer completed the Portuguese-language version of the questionnaire. At the end of the process, we conducted a structured interview to identify any patient difficulty in understanding any of the questions. The final versions were sent to the EORTC and were approved. CONCLUSIONS: The Portuguese-language version of the EORTC QLQ-LC29 appears to be a useful, important, reliable questionnaire that is a valid tool for assessing quality of life in patients with lung cancer in Brazil.

Validation of a Scale to Assess Patients' Comprehension of Frequently Used Cardiology Terminology: The Cardiac TERM Scale in Brazilian Portuguese.

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to psychometrically validate the translation of a questionnaire on patient understanding of cardiology terminology (TERM) to Brazilian Portuguese. DESIGN: After piloting the translation and cross-cultural adaptation, the 16-item TERM questionnaire was psychometrically tested. METHODS: Internal and test-retest reliability, as well as validity, were assessed in 322 cardiac patients. FINDINGS: Internal (α = .88) and test-retest reliability (all weighted Kappa > 0.63) exceeded the minimum recommended standards. Criterion validity was supported by significant differences in mean scores by socioeconomic indicators (p < .01). Discriminant validity was supported in that cardiac rehabilitation participants had significantly higher TERM scores (p < .001). Participants did not correctly define any of the terms, and a floor effect was identified in all terms. CONCLUSIONS: The Cardiac TERM Scale was demonstrated to have good reliability and validity. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: The scale can be used by healthcare professionals, such as nurses. Results can be used to inform patient education, which could in turn impact patient adherence to medical advice and hence outcomes.

Validation of the Brazilian Version of CADE-Q II to Assess Knowledge of Coronary Artery Disease Patients / Validação da Versão Brasileira em Português do CADE-Q II para Avaliar o Conhecimento de Pacientes com Doença Arterial Coronariana

Abstract Background: The Coronary Artery Disease Education Questionnaire (CADE-Q), an instrument aimed at assessing patients' knowledge about coronary artery disease (CAD), was originally developed and psychometrically validated in Brazil. It was later translated, cross-culturally adapted, and validated to English. Although both versions demonstrated good reliability and validity, new studies in the area have pointed out the need of implementing the CADE-Q with other components of cardiac rehabilitation (CR) programs, such as psychologic factors, which had not been considered in previous version and were added in the subsequent, adapted version. Thus, a second version of CADE-Q was developed in English, the CADE-Q II. Objective: to translate, culturally adapt and psychometrically validate the CADE-Q II in Brazilian Portuguese. Methods: After translation and review by a Committee of specialists in CR, a version in Brazilian Portuguese was generated and tested in 307 patients in CR. Test-retest reliability was assessed by intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) in 49 patients; internal consistency was assessed using Cronbach's alpha (α); and, criterion validity was assessed regarding patients' educational level and family income. The level of significance adopted for all tests was 5%. Results: After the ICC analysis, 4 items were excluded. The questionnaire was considered internally consistent (α > 0.7). Associations were found between the mean total scores and the variables schooling (p < 0.001) and income (p < 0.001). Median total score was 53 (14) points corresponding to 65.4% of the total possible score. Conclusion: The Portuguese version of the CADE-Q II showed sufficient reliability, consistency and validity, supporting its use in future studies.

Resumo Fundamento: O questionário para avaliar o conhecimento de pacientes com doença arterial coronariana (CADE-Q) foi originalmente desenvolvido e validado no Brasil. Mais tarde foi traduzido, adaptado culturalmente e validado para o inglês. Embora ambas as versões possuam boa confiabilidade e validade, com o avanço dos estudos da área observou-se a necessidade de implementar o CADE-Q com outros componentes envolvidos em programas de reabilitação cardíaca (RC), como fatores psicológicos, que não tinham sido abordados na versão anterior e foram adicionados nesta versão. Devido a isso, uma segunda versão foi desenvolvida em inglês, o CADE-Q II. Objetivo: Traduzir, adaptar culturalmente e validar psicometricamente para o português o questionário CADE-Q II. Métodos: A versão em português foi gerada (após tradução e revisão por um comitê de especialistas em RC) e testada em 307 pacientes em programas de RC. A confiabilidade teste e reteste foi avaliada por meio do coeficiente de correlação intraclasse (CCI) em 49 pacientes, a consistência interna foi avaliada pelo alfa de Cronbach (α), e a validade de critério foi avaliada em relação à escolaridade e renda familiar mensal dos pacientes. O nível de significância adotado para todos os testes foi de 5%. Resultados: Após a análise do CCI, quatro itens foram excluídos da versão em português. O questionário foi considerado internamente consistente (α > 0,7). Foram encontradas associações entre os escores totais médios e as variáveis escolaridade (p < 0,001) e renda (p < 0,001). A mediana da pontuação total foi de 53 (14) pontos correspondendo a 65,4% do escore total possível. Conclusão: A versão em português do CADE-Q II apresentou confiabilidade, consistência e validade suficientes, apoiando a sua utilização em estudos futuros.

Validation of the Brazilian Version of CADE-Q II to Assess Knowledge of Coronary Artery Disease Patients.

BACKGROUND: The Coronary Artery Disease Education Questionnaire (CADE-Q), an instrument aimed at assessing patients' knowledge about coronary artery disease (CAD), was originally developed and psychometrically validated in Brazil. It was later translated, cross-culturally adapted, and validated to English. Although both versions demonstrated good reliability and validity, new studies in the area have pointed out the need of implementing the CADE-Q with other components of cardiac rehabilitation (CR) programs, such as psychologic factors, which had not been considered in previous version and were added in the subsequent, adapted version. Thus, a second version of CADE-Q was developed in English, the CADE-Q II. OBJECTIVE: to translate, culturally adapt and psychometrically validate the CADE-Q II in Brazilian Portuguese. METHODS: After translation and review by a Committee of specialists in CR, a version in Brazilian Portuguese was generated and tested in 307 patients in CR. Test-retest reliability was assessed by intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) in 49 patients; internal consistency was assessed using Cronbach's alpha (α); and, criterion validity was assessed regarding patients' educational level and family income. The level of significance adopted for all tests was 5%. RESULTS: After the ICC analysis, 4 items were excluded. The questionnaire was considered internally consistent (α > 0.7). Associations were found between the mean total scores and the variables schooling (p < 0.001) and income (p < 0.001). Median total score was 53 (14) points corresponding to 65.4% of the total possible score. CONCLUSION: The Portuguese version of the CADE-Q II showed sufficient reliability, consistency and validity, supporting its use in future studies.